Chimodzi mwazinthu zofunika kwambiri pakukonza magalimoto ndi kukonza injini.Chofunika kwambiri monga mtima wa munthu, injini ya dizilo ndi mtima wa galimoto, gwero la mphamvu.Momwe mungasungire mtima wagalimoto?Kusamalira bwino kumatha kukulitsa moyo wautumiki wa injini ndikuchepetsa kulephera.Zokonza zazikuluzikulu zimachitidwa mozungulira "zosefera zitatu".Kukonza zosefera za mpweya, zosefera zamafuta, ndi zosefera mafuta zimawalola kuti azisewera mokwanira pa ntchito zawo ndikuthandizira injini kumaliza bwino ntchito yotulutsa mphamvu.

1. Kusamalira fyuluta ya mpweya

Makina otengera mpweya wa injini amapangidwa makamaka ndi fyuluta ya mpweya ndi chitoliro cholowetsa mpweya.Zosefera za mpweya zimasefa mpweya woperekedwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti mpweya wabwino ukuperekedwa ku injini.Malinga ndi mikhalidwe yosiyanasiyana yogwiritsiridwa ntchito, fyuluta ya mpweya yosamba mafuta imatha kusankhidwa, ndipo chinthu chosefera chimatha kutsukidwa kapena kusinthidwa pafupipafupi.Sefa ya mpweya wa kapu ya pepala yomwe imagwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kupukuta fumbi kwa maola 50-100 (nthawi zambiri pa sabata) ndikutsukidwa ndi burashi yofewa kapena fani.

Gwiritsani ntchito fyuluta ya mpweya wosamba mafuta.Tsukani zosefera ndikusintha mafuta opaka ndi dizilo yoyera maola 100-200 aliwonse (milungu iwiri).Mukamagwiritsa ntchito, samalani ndikuwonjezera mafuta opaka molingana ndi malamulo.Nthawi zonse, sinthani chinthu chosefera ndi china chatsopano nthawi zonse zosefera zikatsukidwa katatu.Ikani m'malo mwake nthawi yomweyo ngati yawonongeka kapena yaipitsidwa kwambiri.
Chachiwiri, kukonza fyuluta yamafuta
Pogwiritsa ntchito injini ya dizilo, zitsulo zomwe zimagwira ntchito zidzatha.Ngati fyuluta yamafuta siisungidwa nthawi yake, mafuta omwe ali ndi zonyansa sangayesedwe bwino, zomwe zidzachititsa kuti fyulutayo iwonongeke kapena kutsegula valavu yotetezera, kuchokera ku valve yodutsa.Kudutsa kumabweretsanso dothi ku gawo lopaka mafuta, kufulumizitsa kuvala kwa injini, kukulitsa kuipitsidwa kwamkati, ndikusokoneza moyo wautumiki wa injini ya dizilo.Choncho, fyuluta yamafuta iyenera kusinthidwa nthawi zonse pamene mafuta akusungidwa.Zosefera za mtundu uliwonse ndizosiyana, zofananira ndisefa ziyenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito, apo ayi fyulutayo ikhala yosalondola.

3. Kusamalira fyuluta yamafuta
Poyendetsa mtunda wautali, m'mphepete mwa msewu muli malo ambiri opangira mafuta, ndipo dizilo yabwino imawonjezedwa pakukonza kosagwirizana.Madalaivala nthawi zambiri amatcha "mafuta ochepa".Kuopsa kwa "mafuta ochepa" ku injini kumawonekera.Choyamba, chonde onetsetsani kuti mwasankha malo odalirika opangira mafuta kuti mudzaze ndi mafuta oyenerera.Fyuluta ya dizilo ndiye chotchinga chomaliza kuteteza dongosolo lamafuta.Poyerekeza ndi ukadaulo wamakina amtundu wamafuta, njanji wamba ndiyokwera komanso yolondola, ndipo imafunikira zosefera zapadera zamafuta amtundu wapamwamba kwambiri.Choncho, kukonza fyuluta yamafuta ndikofunikira kwambiri.Pali mitundu iwiri: fyuluta yamafuta owoneka bwino ndi fyuluta yabwino.

Maola 100-200 aliwonse akugwira ntchito (masabata awiri, osachepera 20,000 makilomita malinga ndi kuchuluka kwa makilomita), zosefera zosiyanasiyana zamafuta pamakina operekera mafuta ziyenera kuyang'aniridwa ndikusinthidwa, ndipo nthawi yomweyo, fufuzani ngati cholekanitsa chamadzi ndi mafuta. ikugwira ntchito bwino, ndipo Kaya tanki yamafuta ndi mapaipi onse amafuta ndi akuda, yeretsani tanki yamafuta ndi mapaipi onse amafuta bwino ngati kuli kofunikira.Zigawo zonse za dongosolo lonse loperekera mafuta ziyenera kuchitika panthawi yakusintha kwamafuta.Dizilo yogwiritsidwa ntchito iyenera kukwaniritsa zofunikira za nyengo ndikudutsa maola 48 akugwa mvula ndi kuyeretsedwa.
4. Nkhani zina zofunika kuziganizira.
1. Kusankha dizilo
Zindikirani malo oziziritsa (kuzizira), kutentha kwapamwamba kwambiri komwe mafuta opangira mafuta amakhazikika mpaka pamadzimadzi osayenda pansi pamikhalidwe yodziwika, yomwe imadziwikanso kuti malo ozizira.Ngati malo oundana ndi okwera kwambiri, ndizosavuta kuyambitsa kutsekeka kwa dera lamafuta pakutentha kochepa.M'dziko lathu, chizindikiro cha dizilo chimakhazikitsidwa ndi malo ozizira.Malo ozizirirapo ndiye maziko akulu posankha dizilo.Choncho, dizilo yoyenera iyenera kusankhidwa m'madera osiyanasiyana ndi nyengo zosiyanasiyana.
Gulu lalikulu:
Pali magawo asanu ndi awiri a mafuta a dizilo: 10, 5, 0, -10, -20, -30, -50
Pali mitundu itatu ya mafuta a dizilo olemera: 10, 20, ndi 30. Sankhani malinga ndi kutentha posankha

Ngati kalasi ya dizilo ndi yotsika kuposa kutentha komwe kumafunikira, dongosolo lamafuta mu injini limatha kupakidwa phula, kutsekereza kuzungulira kwamafuta, ndikusokoneza magwiridwe antchito a injini.

2. Sikoyenera kuthamanga popanda ntchito kwa nthawi yayitali
Kukhalitsa kwanthawi yayitali kumachepetsa kuchuluka kwa jakisoni wamafuta ndikufulumizitsa kuvala koyambirira kwa khoma la silinda.Chifukwa mtundu wa atomization umagwirizana mwachindunji ndi kuthamanga kwa jekeseni, kuchuluka kwa jekeseni komanso kuthamanga kwa camshaft.Chifukwa cha kuchuluka kwake kwa jekeseni, mtundu wa atomization wamafuta umadalira kuthamanga kwa jakisoni wamafuta ndi liwiro la camshaft.Kuthamanga pang'onopang'ono kwa camshaft, mphamvu ya jekeseni ya mafuta ikukwera, ndipo khalidwe la atomization la mafuta limakhala loipa kwambiri.Liwiro la camshaft limasintha ndi liwiro la injini ya dizilo.Kuthamanga kwakutali kosagwira ntchito kumatha kupangitsa kutentha kwa injini ya dizilo kukhala kotsika kwambiri komanso kuyaka kosakwanira, zomwe zingapangitse kuti ma depositi a kaboni atseke milomo ya jekeseni, mphete za pistoni kapena mavavu opanikizana.Kuphatikiza apo, ngati kutentha kwa injini ya dizilo kumakhala kotsika kwambiri, mafuta ena a dizilo osawotcha amatsuka filimu yamafuta pakhoma la silinda ndikuchepetsa mafuta, kotero kuti magawo onse osuntha a injini ya dizilo sangathe kutenthedwa bwino, zomwe zimatsogolera ku msanga. kuvala kwa ziwalozo.Chifukwa chake, nthawi yopanda pake imayendetsedwa pafupifupi mphindi 10.
Zomwe zili pamwambazi ndizo ntchito zazikulu ndi kusamala pakukonza injini ya dizilo.Pokhapokha pamene injini ikuyenda bwino m'mene galimoto ingakuthandizireni bwino.